This course explains the general picture of the condition (urgency) of the petrochemical industry in Indonesia and the history of the petrochemical industry. Explains the production line of petrochemical products (methane, olefins and aromatics). Explains potential sources of raw materials for each product and the process technology to obtain them (oil refineries and natural gas fields). Explains the types of upstream and downstream petrochemical industries for each production line, types of petrochemical products (basic, intermediate, final and finished products). Next, several petrochemical processes from the methane, olefin and aromatic pathways are discussed. The selected petrochemical processes are petrochemical products that are widely needed in Indonesia. Detailed discussions include domestic needs, current producing industries, import-export positions. Explains raw materials and product uses, process schemes and descriptions, reactions, thermodynamics, kinetics and catalysts, and explains waste processing processes in general. Also explains the impact of the petrochemical industry on the environment. The learning method used is a combination of lectures, independent assignments, group assignments and presentations.

• Explain the development of petrochemical products and the potential of raw materials.
• Describe upstream and downstream petrochemical production lines (olefin center, aromatic center, and methane pathways).
• Understand major production processes in petrochemical industries involving methane, olefins, and aromatics.
• Analyze the environmental impact of industrial processes and petrochemical products.

• History of the General Petrochemical Products Development and Raw Material Potential

  • Overview of the evolution of the petrochemical industry
  • Historical milestones in the development of petrochemical products
  • Raw material sources for petrochemical production and their potential, including natural gas, crude oil, and renewable resources

• The Scope of the Petrochemical Industry

  • Examination of the global and regional scope of the petrochemical industry
  • Key players, markets, and applications of petrochemicals in sectors such as energy, automotive, healthcare, and consumer goods
  • Trends and challenges in the global petrochemical industry

• Petrochemical Classification Process

  • Classification of petrochemicals based on chemical structure and properties
  • Types of petrochemical products: olefins, aromatics, methanol, and others
  • Key steps in the classification and categorization of petrochemical production

• The Type and Processing of Raw Materials into Petrochemical Products

  • Overview of raw materials used in petrochemical production:
    • Olefins: Ethylene, propylene, and butylene
    • Aromatics: Benzene, toluene, and xylenes
    • Methane and other feedstocks
  • Processing techniques for converting raw materials into valuable petrochemical products (e.g., cracking, reforming, polymerization)

• Details of Various Petrochemical Industry Sectors

  • Olefins Sector: Production of olefins (ethylene, propylene) and their applications in polymers, chemicals, and fuels
  • Aromatics Sector: Production of aromatic compounds (benzene, toluene, xylene) and their use in solvents, plastics, and synthetic fibers
  • Methane Sector: The role of methane as a feedstock for the production of methanol, ammonia, and other petrochemicals

• Industrial and Environmental Impact of Petrochemical Products

  • Environmental impact of petrochemical production, including emissions, waste management, and energy consumption
  • Industrial hazards and safety concerns in petrochemical plants
  • Regulatory frameworks and sustainable practices in the petrochemical industry
  • Innovations aimed at reducing the environmental footprint of petrochemical production

1. Martyn V. Twigg, Catalyst Handbook, 2nd ed., Wolfe Pub. Ltd.
2. Lewis T. Hatch & Sami Matar, From Hydrocarbon to Petrochemical.
3. Margaret G. Wells, Handbook of Petrochemicals and Processes, Gower Publishing Company Ltd., 1991.
4. Pandjaitan Maraudin, Industri Petrokimia dan Pengaruh Lingkungan, Gadjah Mada University Press, 2002.